Impetigo or pyoderma is an infection of the skin that is most commonly caused by bacteria called group A streptococcus.

What is it?

Sores that may ooze cloudy fluid and then develop scabs characterize the infection. They vary in size and may appear on any parts of the body although they are more prone to develop in areas where insect bites or broken skin has occurred. Younger children are more likely to be infected because they are more prone to have scratches, bites and cuts.  Impetigo, for these same reasons, is more frequent in tropical areas or warm seasons of the year.

What causes it?

• Streptococcus is a bacteria that usually resides on the skin and can easily be transmitted by touch.
• It is very contagious.
• When the skin is broken, infection easily develops.
• Impetigo often develops after play with other children.

Symptoms:

• Red, oozing, sores that form scabs.
• The sores may itch.
• May be seen commonly after insect bites or injuries to the skin.

Treatment:

• Keep hands clean and fingernails trimmed.
• One trick is to put antibiotic ointment under or around your child’s fingers and nails to stop the bacteria from spreading.
• Wash with soap and water.
• If only a few isolated sores, may be treated by applying an antibiotic ointment three for four times a day.
• If sores are numerous or seem to be spreading, a medical consult is needed.
• Numerous sores may require antibiotics given by mouth or on rare occasions, by injection.
• Keep children home from school or day care for 24 hours after starting treatment if using antibiotics.

Call the doctor If:

• There are more than 2-3 sores.
• Fever occurs.
• The urine becomes dark in color.
• A sore throat and/or a headache develop.

Possible complications

Impetigo is a common infection of childhood and will generally respond to treatment with antibiotic creams or ointments, if applied early. The most serious complication of impetigo is a condition called glomerulonephritis. This is a toxic reaction of the kidneys and can be very serious if not managed correctly. So, if you see a bunch of sores on your child’s legs or arms in the warm summer months, seek medical advice. And remember to keep those fingernails trimmed!

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